PA.IV.BFAA-S-ACS-6C · Nov 2023
Normal Approach and Landing
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with normal approach and landing with emphasis on proper use and coordination of flight controls. Note: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements must be evaluated through oral testing.
Bottom line
Use flaps, throttle, and pitch to control the glidepath and establish a stabilized approach at the recommended approach airspeed. Incremental deflection of flaps on downwind, base leg, and final approach allow smaller adjustments of pitch and power and support a stabilized approach.
FAA references
- SEA ch. 6 (p. 6-3) — FAA-H-8083-23
- AFH ch. 12, Operational Procedures (p. 12-4) — FAA-H-8083-3C
- AFH ch. 16 (p. 16-18) — FAA-H-8083-3C
- SEA ch. 6 (p. 6-8) — FAA-H-8083-23
Knowledge
- PA.IV.B.K1: A stabilized approach, including energy management concepts.
- PA.IV.B.K2: Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on approach and landing performance.
- PA.IV.B.K3: Wind correction techniques on approach and landing.
Risk management
- PA.IV.B.R1: Selection of runway/landing surface, approach path, and touchdown area based on pilot capability, aircraft performance and limitations, avai
- PA.IV.B.R2: Effects of:
- PA.IV.B.R2a: a. Crosswind
- PA.IV.B.R2b: b. Windshear
- PA.IV.B.R2c: c. Tailwind
- PA.IV.B.R2d: d. Wake turbulence
- PA.IV.B.R2e: e. Landing surface/condition
- PA.IV.B.R3: Planning for:
- PA.IV.B.R3a: a. Rejected landing and go-around
- PA.IV.B.R3b: b. Land and hold short operations (LAHSO)
- PA.IV.B.R4: Collision hazards.
- PA.IV.B.R5: Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
- PA.IV.B.R6: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
Skills
- PA.IV.B.S1: Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
- PA.IV.B.S2: Make radio calls as appropriate.
- PA.IV.B.S3: Ensure the airplane is aligned with the correct/assigned runway or landing surface.
- PA.IV.B.S4: Scan the runway or landing surface and adjoining area for traffic and obstructions.
- PA.IV.B.S5: Select and aim for a suitable touchdown point considering the wind conditions, landing surface, and obstructions.
- PA.IV.B.S6: Establish the recommended approach and landing configuration, airspeed, and trim, and adjust pitch attitude and power as required to maintai
- PA.IV.B.S7: Maintain manufacturer’s published approach airspeed or in its absence not more than 1.3 times the stalling speed or the minimum steady fligh
- PA.IV.B.S8: Maintain directional control and appropriate crosswind correction throughout the approach and landing.
- PA.IV.B.S9: Make smooth, timely, and correct control application during round out and touchdown.
- PA.IV.B.S10: Touch down at a proper pitch attitude, within 400 feet beyond or on the specified point, with no side drift, and with the airplane’s longitu
- PA.IV.B.S11: Execute a timely go-around if the approach cannot be made within the tolerances specified above or for any other condition that may result i
- PA.IV.B.S12: Use runway incursion avoidance procedures, if applicable.
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