AI.IX.AFAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023
Steep Turns
To determine the applicant understands steep turns, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Bottom line
Load factors become significant to both flight performance and load on wing structure as the bank increases beyond approximately 45 degrees.
FAA references
- PHAK Glossary (p. G-29) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
- PHAK ch. 5 (p. 5-36) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
- AFH ch. 17 (p. 17-13) — FAA-H-8083-3C
- PHAK ch. 5 (p. 5-35) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
- PHAK ch. 8 (p. 8-18) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
Knowledge
- AI.IX.A.K1: Purpose of and procedures for steep turn.
- AI.IX.A.K2: Pilot sensations and control forces.
- AI.IX.A.K3: Aerodynamics associated with steep turns, including:
- AI.IX.A.K3a: a. Maintaining coordinated flight
- AI.IX.A.K3b: b. Overbanking tendencies
- AI.IX.A.K3c: c. Maneuvering speed, including the impact of weight changes
- AI.IX.A.K3d: d. Load factor and accelerated stalls
- AI.IX.A.K3e: e. Rate and radius of turn
- AI.IX.A.K4: Common errors related to this Task.
Risk management
- AI.IX.A.R1: Division of attention between aircraft control and orientation.
- AI.IX.A.R2: Collision hazards.
- AI.IX.A.R3: Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
- AI.IX.A.R4: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
- AI.IX.A.R5: Uncoordinated flight.
Skills
- AI.IX.A.S1: Clear the area.
- AI.IX.A.S2: Establish the manufacturer's recommended airspeed; or if one is not available, an airspeed not to exceed maneuvering speed (VA).
- AI.IX.A.S3: Roll into a coordinated 360° steep turn with approximately a 50° bank.
- AI.IX.A.S4: Perform the Task in the opposite direction.
- AI.IX.A.S5: Maintain the entry altitude ±100 feet, airspeed ±10 knots, bank ±5°, and roll out on the entry heading ±10°.
- AI.IX.A.S6: Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
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