AA.VI.JFAA-S-ACS-11A · Nov 2023
Holding Procedures
To determine the applicant exhibits satisfactory knowledge, risk management, and skills associated with holding procedures. Note: See Appendix 3: Aircraft, Equipment, and Operational Requirements & Limitations for information related to this Task.
Bottom line
Holding is a predetermined maneuver that keeps aircraft within a specified airspace while awaiting further clearance from ATC. If aircraft reach a clearance limit before receiving a further clearance from ATC, a holding pattern is required at the last assigned altitude. The standardized procedures should be followed to ensure that an aircraft remains within the boundaries of the prescribed holding airspace.
FAA references
- IFH ch. 10 (p. 10-10) — FAA-H-8083-15B
- IPH ch. 3 (p. 3-21) — FAA-H-8083-16B
- IFH ch. 10 (pp. 10-10–10-11) — FAA-H-8083-15B
- IPH ch. 2 (p. 2-51) — FAA-H-8083-16B
Knowledge
- AA.VI.J.K1: Elements related to holding procedures, including reporting criteria, appropriate speeds, and recommended entry procedures for standard, non
- AA.VI.J.K2: Determining holding endurance based upon factors, including an expect further clearance (EFC) time, fuel on board, fuel flow while holding,
- AA.VI.J.K3: When to declare minimum fuel or a fuel-related emergency.
- AA.VI.J.K4: Use of automation for holding, including autopilot and flight management systems, if equipped.
Risk management
- AA.VI.J.R1: Recalculating fuel reserves if assigned an unanticipated expect further clearance (EFC) time.
- AA.VI.J.R2: Scenarios and circumstances that could result in minimum fuel or the need to declare an emergency.
- AA.VI.J.R3: Scenarios that could lead to holding, including deteriorating weather at the planned destination.
- AA.VI.J.R4: Holding entry and wind correction while holding.
- AA.VI.J.R5: Holding while in icing conditions.
- AA.VI.J.R6: Automation management.
Skills
- AA.VI.J.S1: Correctly identify instrument navigation aids associated with the assigned hold.
- AA.VI.J.S2: Use an entry procedure appropriate for a standard, nonstandard, published, or non-published holding pattern.
- AA.VI.J.S3: Change to the appropriate holding airspeed for the aircraft and holding altitude to cross the holding fix at or below maximum holding airspe
- AA.VI.J.S4: Comply with the holding pattern leg length and other restrictions, if applicable, associated with the holding pattern.
- AA.VI.J.S5: Comply with ATC reporting requirements.
- AA.VI.J.S6: Use proper wind correction procedures to maintain the desired pattern and to arrive over the fix as close as possible to a specified time.
- AA.VI.J.S7: Maintain specified airspeed ±10 knots, altitude ±100 feet, headings ±10°, and accurately track a selected course, radial, or bearing.
- AA.VI.J.S8: If available, use automation, including autopilot, flight director controls, and navigation displays associated with the assigned hold.
- AA.VI.J.S9: Update fuel reserve calculations based on EFC times.
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