PA.II.D.K3FAA-S-ACS-6C · Nov 2023Knowledge

Airport markings, signs, and lights.

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Airport markings, signs, and lights.

Bottom line

Airport markings and signs provide directions and assist pilots in airport operations. Know and use all of the visual aids available at the airport, such as the signs, markings, and lighting, as well as ground and/or tower ATC, to follow the taxi route.

Key numbers

Key numbers for Airport markings, signs, and lights.
NumberWhat it means
White until last 3,000 feet of runway, viewed from the landing thresholdCenterline lights
Up to 150 feet prior to a runway holding position markingEnhanced centerline
Yellow crosses at each end and at 1,000 foot intervals when permanently closedClosed runway
6 inches (15 cm) to 12 inches (30 cm) in widthTaxiway centerline

FAA references

  1. PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-5) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  2. AC 91-73, para. 7d — AC No: 91-73B
  3. AFH Glossary (p. G-13) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  4. AIM 2-3-4 (Taxiway Markings) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  5. AIM 2-3-6 (Other Markings) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  6. AIM 2-3-3 (Runway Markings) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  7. AC 91-73, paras. 7g, 7h — AC No: 91-73B
  8. AC 91-73 Appendix 1 — AC No: 91-73B
Members lesson

Build understanding you can use

Unlock the full lesson and continue studying this element.

  • Full teaching sections: What it is; Key points; Rules and numbers; How it is done
  • Check your understanding with answers you can reveal
  • Common mistakes paired with the FAA facts that correct them
View membership options