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CA.II.D.R2FAA-S-ACS-7B · Nov 2023Risk management

Confirmation or expectation bias as related to taxi instructions.

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Confirmation or expectation bias as related to taxi instructions.

Bottom line

Pilots familiar with a particular airport who routinely receive the same taxi clearance may be more susceptible to this error. Despite having familiarity with the airport, pilots should carefully review their complete taxi plan.

FAA references

  1. RMH ch. 6 (pp. 6-2–6-3) — FAA-H-8083-2A
  2. AC 91-73, para. 7b — AC No: 91-73B
  3. PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-33) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  4. AC 91-73, para. 7g — AC No: 91-73B
  5. AFH ch. 2 (p. 2-19) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  6. AIM 4-3-18 (Taxiing) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  7. PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-31) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  8. 14 CFR 91.123 (Compliance with ATC clearances and instructions.) — eCFR current as of 2026-03-05
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