AI.VII.IFAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023
Glassy Water Takeoff and Climb (ASES, AMES)
To determine the applicant understands glassy-water takeoff and climb, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction. Note: If a glassy water condition does not exist, the applicant must be evaluated by simulating the Task.
Bottom line
Once airborne, the lack of visual cues to the seaplane’s height above the water can create a potentially dangerous situation unless a positive rate of climb is maintained. The takeoff technique is identical to a normal takeoff until the seaplane is on the step and nearly at flying speed.
FAA references
- SEA ch. 4 (p. 4-15) — FAA-H-8083-23
Knowledge
- AI.VII.I.K1: Purpose of and procedures for glassy water takeoff and climb.
- AI.VII.I.K2: Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.
- AI.VII.I.K3: Best angle of climb speed (VX) and best rate of climb speed (VY).
- AI.VII.I.K4: Appropriate airplane configuration.
- AI.VII.I.K5: Appropriate use of glassy water takeoff and climb technique.
- AI.VII.I.K6: Common errors related to this Task.
Risk management
- AI.VII.I.R1: Selection of takeoff path based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, and available distance.
- AI.VII.I.R2: Water surface/condition.
- AI.VII.I.R3: Abnormal operations, including planning for:
- AI.VII.I.R3a: a. Rejected takeoff
- AI.VII.I.R3b: b. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flight
- AI.VII.I.R4: Collision hazards.
- AI.VII.I.R5: Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
- AI.VII.I.R6: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
- AI.VII.I.R7: Gear position in an amphibious airplane.
Skills
- AI.VII.I.S1: Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
- AI.VII.I.S2: Make radio calls as appropriate.
- AI.VII.I.S3: Position flight controls and configure the aircraft for the existing conditions.
- AI.VII.I.S4: Clear the area, select appropriate takeoff path considering surface hazards or vessels and surface conditions.
- AI.VII.I.S5: Retract the water rudders, as appropriate.
- AI.VII.I.S6: Advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power and confirm proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation.
- AI.VII.I.S7: Establish and maintain an appropriate planing attitude, directional control, and correct for porpoising, skipping, and increase in water dra
- AI.VII.I.S8: Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s).
- AI.VII.I.S9: Use appropriate techniques to lift seaplane from the water considering surface conditions.
- AI.VII.I.S10: Establish proper attitude/airspeed and accelerate to VY ±5 knots during the climb.
- AI.VII.I.S11: Configure the airplane after a positive rate of climb has been verified or in accordance with airplane manufacturer’s instructions.
- AI.VII.I.S12: Maintain VY ±5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
- AI.VII.I.S13: Maintain directional control throughout takeoff and climb.
- AI.VII.I.S14: Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
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