AI.VI.B.K1FAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023Knowledge

The applicant demonstrates instructional knowledge by describing and explaining: Towere...

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

The applicant demonstrates instructional knowledge by describing and explaining: Towered and nontowered airport operations.

Bottom line

There are two types of airports—towered and nontowered. Pilots operating from a towered airport are required to maintain two-way radio communication with ATC and to acknowledge and comply with their instructions.

Key numbers

Key numbers for The applicant demonstrates instructional knowledge by describing and explaining: Towere...
NumberWhat it means
45 degrees to the downwind leg, joining at midfield (preferred entry from the downwind side)Pattern entry
At least 500 feet above pattern altitude (entry from opposite side)Midfield crossing
600 feet to 1,500 feet AGL for propeller-driven aircraft at most airports and military air basesPattern altitude

FAA references

  1. PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-2) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  2. PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-20) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  3. AFH ch. 6 (p. 6-1) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  4. 14 CFR 91.130 (Operations in Class C airspace.) — eCFR current as of 2026-03-05
  5. 14 CFR 91.129 (Operations in Class D airspace.) — eCFR current as of 2026-03-05
  6. 14 CFR 91.127 (Operating on or in the vicinity of an airport in Class E airspace.) — eCFR current as of 2026-03-05
  7. AIH ch. 1 (p. 1-25) — FAA-H-8083-9B
  8. AIH ch. 3 (p. 3-16) — FAA-H-8083-9B
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