AI.IX.CFAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023
Chandelles (ASEL, ASES)
To determine the applicant understands chandelles, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction.
Bottom line
A chandelle is a maximum performance climbing turn beginning from approximately straight-and-level flight, and ending at the completion of a precise 180° turn in a wings-level, nose-high attitude at the minimum controllable airspeed. The recommended entry speed for these maneuvers is generally near the manufacturer’s design maneuvering speed, which allows maximum development of load factors without exceeding the load limits.
FAA references
- PHAK ch. 5 (pp. 5-36–5-37) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
- PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-30) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
- AFH ch. 5, Accelerated Stalls (p. 5-19) — FAA-H-8083-3C
Knowledge
- AI.IX.C.K1: Purpose of and procedures for chandelles.
- AI.IX.C.K2: Aerodynamics associated with chandelles, including:
- AI.IX.C.K2a: a. Maintaining coordinated flight
- AI.IX.C.K2b: b. Overbanking tendencies
- AI.IX.C.K2c: c. Maneuvering speed, including the impact of weight changes
- AI.IX.C.K2d: d. Accelerated stalls
- AI.IX.C.K3: Appropriate airplane configuration for maximum performance climb.
- AI.IX.C.K4: Proper pitch control required for continuously decreasing airspeed.
- AI.IX.C.K5: Common errors related to this Task.
Risk management
- AI.IX.C.R1: Division of attention between aircraft control and orientation.
- AI.IX.C.R2: Collision hazards.
- AI.IX.C.R3: Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
- AI.IX.C.R4: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
- AI.IX.C.R5: Uncoordinated flight.
- AI.IX.C.R6: Energy management.
- AI.IX.C.R7: Rate and radius of turn with confined area operations.
Skills
- AI.IX.C.S1: Clear the area.
- AI.IX.C.S2: Select an altitude that allows the maneuver to be performed no lower than 1,500 feet above ground level (AGL).
- AI.IX.C.S3: Establish the appropriate entry configuration, power, and airspeed.
- AI.IX.C.S4: Establish the angle of bank at approximately 30°.
- AI.IX.C.S5: Simultaneously apply power and pitch to maintain a smooth, coordinated climbing turn, in either direction, to the 90° point, with a constant
- AI.IX.C.S6: Begin a coordinated constant rate rollout from the 90° point to the 180° point maintaining power and a constant pitch attitude.
- AI.IX.C.S7: Complete rollout at the 180° point, ±10° just above a stall airspeed, and maintaining that airspeed momentarily avoiding a stall.
- AI.IX.C.S8: Resume a straight-and-level flight with minimum loss of altitude.
- AI.IX.C.S9: Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
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