“"The stealth supermodel that never made the runway."”
She was the beauty that lost the prom. On 27 August 1990, Northrop test pilot Paul Metz lifted the YF-23 into the Edwards sky on a brisk, near-flawless hour-long first flight—so brisk that the F-16 chase had to light afterburner just to keep pace in mil power. With diamond-shaped planform, S-duct inlets, and no thrust-vectoring needed, the Black Widow II supercruised to Mach 1.72 and showed radar cross-section plots shaped like a spider’s eight lobes. Both prototypes met every ATF requirement, but on 23 April 1991 the Air Force bet on the F-22’s program-management track record. Two airframes, fifty flights, 65.2 hours, and one gorgeous ghost story.
The YF-23 was stealthier and faster than the YF-22, yet lost the competition. What non-performance factors can decide a fighter contract?