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PA.V.B.S3bFAA-S-ACS-6C · Nov 2023Skills

b. S-turns: enter perpendicular to the selected reference line, 600 to 1,000 feet AGL a...

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Plan the maneuver: b. S-turns: enter perpendicular to the selected reference line, 600 to 1,000 feet AGL at an appropriate distance from the selected reference area

Bottom line

Ground reference maneuvers are generally flown at altitudes between 600 and 1,000 feet above ground level (AGL). For a ground-referenced constant-radius turn, the pilot compensates for changes in groundspeed by varying the bank angle throughout the turn. The pilot should avoid bank angles in excess of 45°due to the increased stalling speed.

FAA references

  1. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-3) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  2. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-2) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  3. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-5) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  4. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-7) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  5. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-10) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  6. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-13) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  7. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-11) — FAA-H-8083-3C
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