FlyCurrentFLYCURRENT
PA.IX.G.R2FAA-S-ACS-6C · Nov 2023Risk management

Collision hazards.

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Collision hazards.

Bottom line

Pilots are responsible for seeing and avoiding other aircraft when flying under VFR or in VMC while flying under IFR. Under certain conditions, it is difficult to see other aircraft because of haze, sunlight, aircraft position, blind spots, and other factors. Effective scanning is accomplished with a series of short, regularly spaced eye movements; each movement should not exceed 10 degrees, and each should be observed for at least 1 second to enable detection.

FAA references

  1. AIH ch. 10 (p. 10-7) — FAA-H-8083-9B
  2. AIH ch. 10 (p. 10-8) — FAA-H-8083-9B
  3. PHAK ch. 14 (p. 14-28) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  4. RMH ch. 3 (p. 3-8) — FAA-H-8083-2A
Members lesson

Build understanding you can use

Unlock the full lesson and continue studying this element.

  • Full teaching sections: Hazard; How it shows up; Decision rules; Mitigations; The hazard
  • Check your understanding with answers you can reveal
View membership options