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PA.IV.H.R2dFAA-S-ACS-6C · Nov 2023Risk management

d. Wake turbulence

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Effects of: d. Wake turbulence

Bottom line

Pilots should fly at or above the preceding aircraft’s flight path, altering course as necessary to avoid the area directly behind and below the generating aircraft. Prior to takeoff or touchdown pilots should note the rotation or touchdown point of the preceding aircraft.

FAA references

  1. AFH Glossary (p. G-18) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  2. AIM 4-6-7 (Guidance on Wake Turbulence) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  3. AIM 7-4-4 (Vortex Behavior) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  4. AIM 7-4-9 (Air Traffic Wake Turbulence Separations) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  5. AFH ch. 6 (p. 6-1) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  6. PHAK ch. 5 (p. 5-9) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
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