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PA.I.H.R4FAA-S-ACS-6C · November 2023Risk management

Risk: confirmation and expectation bias

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Confirmation and expectation bias.

Bottom line

Expectation can make a pilot accept the answer they wanted rather than the evidence.

FAA references

  1. PHAK ch. 2, Aeronautical Decision-Making — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
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