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IR.VI.D.S1FAA-S-ACS-8C · Nov 2023Skills

Comply with the circling approach procedure considering turbulence, windshear, and the ...

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Comply with the circling approach procedure considering turbulence, windshear, and the maneuvering capability and approach category of the aircraft.

Bottom line

Aircraft approach category means a grouping of aircraft based on a speed of VREF, if specified, or if VREF is not specified, 1.3 V so at the maximum certificated landing weight. If it is necessary to maneuver at speeds in excess of the upper limit of a speed range for a category, the minimums for the next higher category should be used. Published circling minimums provide obstacle clearance when pilots remain within the appropriate area of protection.

FAA references

  1. IFH ch. 1 (p. 1-23) — FAA-H-8083-15B
  2. 14 CFR 97.3 (Symbols and terms used in procedures.) — eCFR current as of 2026-03-05
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