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CA.IV.G.R2eFAA-S-ACS-7B · Nov 2023Risk management

e. Water surface/condition

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Effects of: e. Water surface/condition

Bottom line

Flat light can completely obscure features of the terrain, creating an inability to distinguish distances and closure rates.

FAA references

  1. SEA ch. 5 (p. 5-1) — FAA-H-8083-23
  2. SEA ch. 6 (p. 6-8) — FAA-H-8083-23
  3. RMH ch. 3 (p. 3-7) — FAA-H-8083-2A
  4. SEA ch. 4 (p. 4-16) — FAA-H-8083-23
  5. AIM 7-6-14 (Flying in Flat Light, Brown Out Conditions, and White Out Conditions) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  6. AFH ch. 9 (p. 9-12) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  7. AFH ch. 9 (pp. 9-37–9-38) — FAA-H-8083-3C
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