CA.I.C.K3lFAA-S-ACS-7B · Nov 2023Knowledge

l. Obstructions to visibility (e.g., smoke, haze, volcanic ash, etc.)

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Meteorology applicable to the departure, en route, alternate, and destination under visual flight rules (VFR) in Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC), including expected climate and hazardous conditions such as: l. Obstructions to visibility (e.g., smoke, haze, volcanic ash, etc.)

Bottom line

If no visible horizon can be seen due to clouds, whiteouts, haze over the ocean, night over a dark ocean, etc., it is IMC for practical and safety purposes.

Key numbers

Key numbers for l. Obstructions to visibility (e.g., smoke, haze, volcanic ash, etc.)
NumberWhat it means
15 to 20 minutes old by the time the mosaic data sets are assembled and displayed in a cockpitNEXRAD age
first 12 hours of the forecast periodSIGWX ash window
significant changes expected within 1 hour before and after the ETADestination forecast

FAA references

  1. PHAK ch. 13 (p. 13-7) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  2. AFH ch. 3 (p. 3-4) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  3. AC 91-92, paras. 4.17, 7.6, 7.7 — AC No: 91-92
  4. AWH ch. 3 (p. 3-25) — FAA-H-8083-28A
  5. AC 91-92 Appendix A — AC No: 91-92
  6. RMH ch. 3 (p. 3-8) — FAA-H-8083-2A
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