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AI.VII.H.R2eFAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023Risk management

e. Water surface/condition

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Effects of: e. Water surface/condition

Bottom line

Flat light can completely obscure features of the terrain, creating an inability to distinguish distances and closure rates.

FAA references

  1. SEA ch. 6 (pp. 6-7–6-8) — FAA-H-8083-23
  2. AIM 7-6-14 (Flying in Flat Light, Brown Out Conditions, and White Out Conditions) — AIM Basic 2/20/25 w/ Change 1 (8/7/25) & Change 2 (1/22/26)
  3. PHAK ch. 12 (p. 12-8) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  4. AFH ch. 9 (p. 9-21) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  5. RMH ch. 3 (p. 3-7) — FAA-H-8083-2A
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