AI.VII.AFAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023
Normal Takeoff and Climb
To determine the applicant understands normal takeoff and climb, can apply that knowledge, manage associated risks, demonstrate appropriate skills, and provide effective instruction. Note: If a crosswind condition does not exist, the applicant’s knowledge of crosswind elements must be evaluated through oral testing.
Bottom line
When a safe airspeed is achieved, establish the pitch attitude for the best rate of climb (VY) and complete the climb checklist.
FAA references
- SEA ch. 4 (p. 4-12) — FAA-H-8083-23
- AFH ch. 2 (p. 2-22) — FAA-H-8083-3C
- PHAK ch. 8 (p. 8-10) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
- AFH ch. 3 (p. 3-17) — FAA-H-8083-3C
Knowledge
- AI.VII.A.K1: Procedures for normal and crosswind takeoff.
- AI.VII.A.K2: Effects of atmospheric conditions, including wind, on takeoff and climb performance.
- AI.VII.A.K3: Best angle of climb speed (VX) and best rate of climb speed (VY).
- AI.VII.A.K4: Appropriate airplane configuration.
- AI.VII.A.K5: Common errors related to this Task.
Risk management
- AI.VII.A.R1: Selection of runway based on pilot capability, airplane performance and limitations, available distance, and wind.
- AI.VII.A.R2: Effects of:
- AI.VII.A.R2a: a. Crosswind
- AI.VII.A.R2b: b. Windshear
- AI.VII.A.R2c: c. Tailwind
- AI.VII.A.R2d: d. Wake turbulence
- AI.VII.A.R2e: e. Takeoff surface/condition
- AI.VII.A.R3: Abnormal operations, including planning for:
- AI.VII.A.R3a: a. Rejected takeoff
- AI.VII.A.R3b: b. Potential engine failure in takeoff/climb phase of flight
- AI.VII.A.R4: Collision hazards.
- AI.VII.A.R5: Low altitude maneuvering, including stall, spin, or controlled flight into terrain (CFIT).
- AI.VII.A.R6: Distractions, task prioritization, loss of situational awareness, or disorientation.
- AI.VII.A.R7: Runway incursion.
Skills
- AI.VII.A.S1: The applicant demonstrates and simultaneously explains how to: Complete the appropriate checklist(s).
- AI.VII.A.S2: Make radio calls as appropriate.
- AI.VII.A.S3: Verify assigned/correct runway or takeoff path.
- AI.VII.A.S4: Determine wind direction with or without visible wind direction indicators.
- AI.VII.A.S5: Position the flight controls for the existing wind, if applicable.
- AI.VII.A.S6: Clear the area, taxi into takeoff position, and align the airplane on the runway centerline (ASEL, AMEL) or takeoff path (ASES, AMES).
- AI.VII.A.S7: Retract the water rudders, as appropriate (ASES, AMES).
- AI.VII.A.S8: Advance the throttle smoothly to takeoff power and confirm proper engine and flight instrument indications prior to rotation.
- AI.VII.A.S9: Avoid excessive water spray on the propeller(s) (ASES, AMES).
- AI.VII.A.S10: Establish and maintain the most efficient planing/lift-off attitude, and correct for porpoising or skipping (ASES, AMES).
- AI.VII.A.S11: Rotate and lift off at the recommended airspeed and accelerate to VY.
- AI.VII.A.S12: Establish a pitch attitude to maintain the manufacturer’s recommended speed or VY, ±5 knots.
- AI.VII.A.S13: Configure the airplane in accordance with manufacturer’s guidance.
- AI.VII.A.S14: Maintain VY ±5 knots to a safe maneuvering altitude.
- AI.VII.A.S15: Maintain directional control and proper wind-drift correction throughout takeoff and climb.
- AI.VII.A.S16: Comply with noise abatement procedures, as applicable.
- AI.VII.A.S17: Analyze and correct common errors related to this Task.
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