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AI.IX.E.K1FAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023Knowledge

Purpose of and procedures for ground reference maneuvers.

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Purpose of and procedures for ground reference maneuvers.

Bottom line

Ground reference maneuvers are generally flown at altitudes between 600 and 1,000 feet above ground level (AGL). After mastering ground reference maneuvers, the pilot should be able to command the airplane to specific pitch, roll, and yaw attitudes, correct for the effects of wind drift, and control the airplane’s orientation in relation to ground-based references.

Key numbers

Key numbers for Purpose of and procedures for ground reference maneuvers.
NumberWhat it means
600–1,000 ft AGL for ground reference maneuversAltitude

FAA references

  1. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-2) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  2. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-18) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  3. AFH ch. 1 (p. 1-12) — FAA-H-8083-3C
  4. AFH ch. 7 (p. 7-1) — FAA-H-8083-3C
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