AI.II.D.K4FAA-S-ACS-25 · Nov 2023Knowledge

Forces acting on an airplane.

ACS element text (the applicant demonstrates understanding of)

Forces acting on an airplane.

Bottom line

Thrust, drag, lift, and weight are the forces that act upon all aircraft in flight. In straight-and-level, unaccelerated flight, the four forces acting on an aircraft are thrust, drag, lift, and weight. Understanding how these forces work and knowing how to control them with power and flight controls are essential to flight.

Key numbers

Key numbers for Forces acting on an airplane.
NumberWhat it means
4 forces in straight-and-level, unaccelerated flightFour forces

FAA references

  1. PHAK ch. 5 (p. 5-1) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  2. PHAK ch. 4 (pp. 4-5–4-6) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
  3. PHAK ch. 4 (p. 4-1) — FAA-H-8083-25C (2023)
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